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Road cycling, part of the first modern Olympic Games in 1896, involves racing on a course including tough climbs and fast descents.

Track Cycling, which includes five different events on a 250-metre track, became an Olympic sport during the first modern Games in 1896.

Instead of slaloming down an icy ski slope, these athletes twist and turn on canoes and kayaks through 300 metres of white water rapids.

The idea of paddling a canoe or kayak through calm water seems relaxing, but for these athletes the competition is intense and exhausting.

Olympic boxing has been the pathway to success for many famous male boxers over the years. A women's competition was added in 2012.

Five athletes play this fast-paced, high-scoring game on each team, usually including two guards, two forwards and a centre.

Going the distance requires speed, strength and stamina, but no matter how long the race, there is always a sprint finish.

Athletes glide or spin to throw as far as they can without stepping out of the circle.

Propelled by a fibreglass pole, pole vaulters fly high over a rod using the approach of high jump combined with intense upper body strength.

The three-stage hop, step and jump springboards athletes to lengths that sometimes reach 10-times their body's height.